Nutrition Vs. Sport Performance :: Health Nutrition Pyramid Diet

The world is an orb of life. In its limited space all life forms compete to hold their own position. As Darwin concluded in his theory of evolution, &8220only the strong and most advanced survive, while the weak perish and are pushed aside. Evolution, the theory we use today to give the sack our need to win and succeed in any organized competition. It is this drive that results in the vigorous preparation athletes&8217 go through to become superior among their race. To thrive, we must understand that proper nutrition is the basis any athlete must build from in order to achieve peak physical performance.Prior to toilsome activity it is imperative that the body has the required amounts of nutrients to carry out an activity. At the latest reference it is recommended that a person consume an average of 2200 mg of gram calories, 60 g of fat, less than 5000 IU of vitamin A, more than 60 mg of vitamin C, 400 IU of vitamin D, more than 2000 mg of potassium, 2000 mg of sodium, 65 g of pro tein, 1.5 mg of thiamin, 1.7 mg of riboflavin, 20 mg of niacin, and 18 mg of iron. Nutritionists of today simplify this into an equation of 40% carbohydrates, 30% fats, and 30% protein that the entire day&8217s repasts should be divided into. The total calorie intake must increase for active persons from 2200 to 2200 plus the total number used while exercising. This will ensure replenishment of the body&8217s system.Edgeworth 2With the wide variety of athletic competitions, the specific repast a competitor may need to eat to benefit themselves differs widely, as do the events. The last meal or two are extremely important in both their time of consumption and content. It is these two factors that can cause a person to posit or break their day just by their choices. Experience plays a large role since one must attempt many different pre-competition meals onward they will find one that suits the individual. For most, the high carbohydrate diet is the choice packing in as many as poss ible since it is such a huge energy source. Also, judging by time, one must decide the size of the meal. To digest a large meal takes 3-4 hours, a small meal 2-3 hours, liquid meal 1-2 hours, and a small snack takes less than an hour. A person may even find a burst of caffeine to be helpful or may just want a feeling of ease by not eating anything at all.

Childrens Ability to Differentiate Between Real and Fantastical Entiti

IntroductionIn the field of developmental psychology, children have become a popular interest. By studying such changes children go through in the early stages of childhood, researchers provide better knowledge and insight on how these changes influence the actions and behaviors of children. It has been identify by many that during these stages, children have rapid mental and cognitive development. Likewise, during this time children atomic number 18 thought to easily confuse tangibleity and fantasy. This paper will inhabit of two reviews involving two different studies which assesses the childrens ability to differentiate between fantasy and reality. One will examine how fantasy/reality distinction evolves with age, while the separate investigates childrens perception of storybook entities. Both focus on childrens ability to categorize specified objects/people/events. Article One - Purpose, Hypothesis & Goal of StudyIt is believed that a basal component of human cognitive ski lls is the ability to differentiate between reality and fantasy. Traditionally, children were assumed to confuse the boundaries between them. Yet, previous research has shown that three year olds are able to make reality/non-reality distinctions. The first article, published in 2004 describes a study performed by Sharon & Woolley. They hoped to provide a new viewpoint at a preschoolers level of fantasy/reality differentiation. They believed that children have a better understanding of these boundaries than most people assume. Believing that children have an understanding of what is human and what is not, which they use to determine whether entities are real or fantastical. The main goal of their study was to show this possibility, by exploring what childr... ... impossible allows for a broader understanding of what can be considered as real or pretend. Both studies show that increased exposure to fantasy based activities, improve their ability to differentiate and likelihood to qu estion the reality status of sundry(a) entities/events. It is also important to note that environmental and social factors play a key role in what children believe is real, especially if false truths like Santa Claus are instilled by a dominant figure in the childs life. ReferencesSharon, T. & Woolley, J.D. (2004). Do monsters dream? Young childrens understanding of the fantasy/reality distinction. British Journal of informational Psychology, 22, 293-310.Woolley, J. D. & Cox, V. (2007). Development of beliefs about storybook reality. Developmental Science, 10 (5), 681-693. doi 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00612.x

computing through the ages :: essays research papers fc

Computing Through the AgesThats whats cool about working with computers. They dont argue, they remember everything and they dont drink wholly your beer, (Paul Leary). From the Abacus (16th century counting devise) to the laptop, auto computing has always been a desire for us humans. We are lazy, and we like to take the easy way out of line of work solving. This is why we pay so lots for some integrity, or something to do the work for us. Hence the computer. Were going to start with the use of electricity in computing, in the first place then many non electric devises were employ, but none capable of what we started using in the 1940s. But we must remember that no computer ever is meliorate at problem solving then the human brain. The human brain is up to one million times better than our most capable of computers. Ok, pole to when the modern computer was taking shape. It was during the war and we needed a place to store information, and a way to do it. Tests were being made on a way to keep data. In 1945 punched paper rolls took the lead. Take a look at image 1-1 and 1-2. This was the most common type of data store until magnify drums started becoming popular in the early 1950s. These were large metal cylinders that were magnified in certain spots this was the first digital data Devise. If it was magnified it was a 1 and if not, it was a 0. This is the computer code (binary code), and it is still used on todays computers. A. 01000001.B. 01000010.C. 01000011. D. 01000100. E. 01000101.F. 01000110.G. 01000111.H. 01001000. But letters were not used in the common computers until the first word processor which came out in the early 1970s, this was called WordStar-. Earlier in the 60s computers were reduced in size of it to where only four people were needed to run it, this was a major breakthrough. Sounds impressive? Not really. But keep in mind now-a-days computers are one million times faster and more versatile than they were in the early 60s, literally. When the first computer came out that could add, subtract, multiply and divide. People thought that we had reached the give up of inventions there is nothing more that can be invented. But we say wow, its just a common calculator but actually it wasnt, it was much worse than our common calculators that we can buy at the local dollar store.

The Importance of Clarity in Writing Essay -- Writing Style Styles Ess

The Importance of Clarity in WritingTo write a good stem is there a magical recipe to follow? If there is you will not find it in these two books Williams Style Toward Clarity and Grace and Strunk and Whites The Elements of Style. What you will find is the elements that should be present to have a successful reputation. Of all the styles name though, one seems to stick out more then the others. This is the element of Clarity. What is clarity, you may be asking? It is simply the process of making your paper clear to the intended audience of your text. This may sound too easy and about of us probably think our papers are eer clear, after all we know what we are saying in them. The question is, does everyone else? Both Williams and Strunk and White mention clarity and the importance it plays in the text we read. Williams point out that when we come across a sentence that is not clear our first reaction is yuck. He goes on to say, we do not describe sentences on the page we describ e how we feel about them. (17) When I came to this passage, I had never thought of it that way. I had always blamed the passage in some way if I did not understand it. I wouldnt look to see why it wasnt clear, but would think what an rattling(a) sentence, not realizing that it is not the sentence that is awful, but the clarity of it. It is clarity that makes our sentences sound correct, which in turn will make our paragraphs sound correct and then our consummate paper. If we do not have clarity then it will not matter what we write about, because there will be no understanding in it. This is why we need to follow two simple principles according to Williams. These principles are (1) subjects of your sentence should name the characters and (2) ... ...en. This allows the reader to not feel lost in your paper and will make it more cleared to those who know little on the subject. Clarity is just one of many elements Williams and Strunk and White covered. I believe it is the most impor tant one though, because without clarity, it doesnt matter what your paper is over. You could find a cure to a deadly disease, but if it is not clear it will never be discovered. It will instead represent many lines of words that do not flow together. You may follow all of the other rules set forth by Strunk and White, but it needs to be readable. Clarity is what makes text readable, even enjoyable and allows a text to succeed.Works CitedWilliams, Joseph. Style Toward Clarity and Grace. Chicago The University of Chicago Press, 1990.Strunk, William, and E.B. White. The Elements of Style. capital of Massachusetts Allyn and Bacon, 2000.

Jurassic Park :: essays research papers

Two paleontologists, Alan Grant and Ellie Sattler, were financed by John Hammond, a in truth wealthy man. The two were visited by a man named Morris who was very interested about Hammond. Apparently he had leased an island off the west coast of costa Rica for some type of big development that had been in the making for some 10 old age. Part of the plan was to buy large quantities of atomic number 79, which drew attention from Morris, because amber was of little or no value. Shortly after the visit the two paleontologists were called by Hammond to come visit his island. He told them it was a type of biological save that he believed would alter all science across the world. Hammond needed them to come look at his island to give him their opinions about stomach the island was safe for business. Hammond said the island would be called Jurassic Park. During the development of the island word spread of the new finding to a rival company. Dodgson, who worked with the company knew that he knew Hammond was on to something big and he wanted a part of it. He arranged to met with one of Hammonds employees, Nedry. At the park he was in charge of design of the parks computer system. Nedry informed Dodgson that they were recreating dinosaur embryos but wasnt sure how. Nedry concord to steal embryos from the park in exchange for $1 million.In the meantime Sattler and Grant arrived at the island where they met friends of Hammonds, including Ian Malcolm, a famous mathematician. The others were Dennis Nedry Henry Wu, the brains behind the park and Ed Regis, a lawyer. Later Hammonds grandchildren arrived, Lex and Tim.When all had arrived and were settled the tour began. It consisted of six people Hammonds grandchildren, Malcom, Dr.Sattler and Dr.Grant, and Ed Regis. While on the tour it was explained how the dinosaurs were created. First amber that had hardened millions of years ago with mosquitoes or other blood drinking bugs. DNA was extracted from the blood and was used to recreate dinosaur embryos. There were 15 different species and 238 individual dinosaurs.During the tour weather became bad weather. Because of the bad weather all power went out and without Nedry, who was quietly stealing embryos, it could not be fixed. However, Nedry was killed by a dinosaur because of a wrong turn.

Jurassic Park :: essays research papers

Two paleontologists, Alan set apart and Ellie Sattler, were financed by John Hammond, a very wealthy man. The two were visited by a man named Morris who was very interested round Hammond. Apparently he had leased an island off the west coast of Costa Rica for some type of big development that had been in the making for some 10 years. Part of the plan was to buy large quantities of amber, which drew attention from Morris, because amber was of little or no value. Shortly after the visit the two paleontologists were called by Hammond to come visit his island. He told them it was a type of biological preserve that he believed would alter all science across the world. Hammond needed them to come compute at his island to give him their opinions about weather the island was safe for business. Hammond said the island would be called Jurassic Park. During the development of the island word spread of the new finding to a competitor company. Dodgson, who worked with the company knew that h e knew Hammond was on to something big and he wanted a part of it. He arranged to met with one of Hammonds employees, Nedry. At the park he was in charge of design of the parks computer system. Nedry informed Dodgson that they were recreating dinosaur embryos but wasnt sure how. Nedry agreed to steal embryos from the park in exchange for $1 million.In the meantime Sattler and Grant arrived at the island where they met friends of Hammonds, including Ian Malcolm, a famous mathematician. The others were Dennis Nedry Henry Wu, the brains behind the park and Ed Regis, a lawyer. Later Hammonds grandchildren arrived, Lex and Tim.When all had arrived and were settled the tour began. It consisted of six people Hammonds grandchildren, Malcom, Dr.Sattler and Dr.Grant, and Ed Regis. While on the tour it was explained how the dinosaurs were created. First amber that had hardened millions of years ago with mosquitoes or other blood drinking bugs. DNA was extracted from the blood and was utilise to recreate dinosaur embryos. There were 15 different species and 238 individual dinosaurs.During the tour weather became bad weather. Because of the bad weather all power went out and without Nedry, who was quietly thievery embryos, it could not be fixed. However, Nedry was killed by a dinosaur because of a wrong turn.

Telephone and Fax Machines

Critically evaluate the tools (letters, e-mail, video conference, memo, phone) of business talk in a commercial nerve. To visit whatsoever commercial organization, to understand the working and importance of each of these tools. Memo A memorandum or memo is a enumeration or other communication that helps the memory by recording events or observations on a topic, such as may be used in a business office. earnA commercial business letter is a letter written in formal language, normally used when writing from one business organization to another, or for correspondence between such organizations and their customers, clients and other external parties. E-mail An email message consists of three components, the messageenvelope, the message oral sex, and the message body. The message header contains discover information, including, minimally, an originators email address and one or more recipient addresses. Usually descriptive information is also added, such as a subject header field and a message submission date/time stamp.Video Conference A videoconference or video conference (also known as a videoteleconference) is a set of interactivetelecommunication technologies which allow two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously. Fax A fax (short for facsimile) is a document sent over a telephone line. Fax machines have existed, in various forms, since the 19th century, though modern fax machines became feasible only in the mid-1970s as the sophistication of technology increased and cost of the three underlying technologies dropped.Businesses usually maintain some kind of fax capability, the technology has faced change magnitude competition from Internet- ground alternatives. However, fax machines still retain some advantages, particularly in the transmission of sensitive material which, if sent over the Internet unencrypted, may be vulnerable to interception, without the need for telephone tapping. In some countries, be cause electronic signatures on contracts are not recognized by law while faxed contracts with copies of signatures are, fax machines fuck continuing support in business. TelephoneThe telephone often colloquially referred to as a phone, is atelecommunications device that transmits and receives sound, most cat valiumly the human voice. Telephones are a point-to-pointcommunication system whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to each other. It is one of the most common appliances in thedeveloped world, and has long been considered indispensable to businesses, households and governments. Circulars Flyers are typically used by individuals or businesses to promote their products or services. They are a form of mass merchandise or small scale, communitycommunication.Office circulars are used in the company to convey the same information to all the employees. Make a report based on the accounting books maintained by a manufacturing concern. To study the way they are maintained. JOURNAL Journal is the book in which the transactions are entered the runner time they are processed . PETTY CASH BOOK A petty cash book is a record of small value purchases usually controlled by imprest system. Items such as coffee, tea, birthday cards for employees, a few dollars if youre short on postage, are listed down in the petty cash book.

Mt. Everest

The Choice Should at that place be a permanent creation camp? KJ December 19th, 2011 Should on that point be a permanent base camp? The choice for a permanent base camp has non been made because the are plenty of good reasons why there should be one. On the other hand there are also plenty of bad reasons why there shouldnt be one. Though the council has not decided completely there have been a few rumors that they might start building in 2014 or 2015. This may become an issue with the people that live in Nepal. The consideration The Good ThingsThe good things about this settlement is that everyone can have comfortable hot showers and a heating system to keep them warm. This is also good because there is a possibility that if it is built then it could lower the chances of polluting the area (more than it already is). That is if recycling bins and trash cans are added. The Bad Things Some of the bad things about the couch is that it can cause more pollution instead of lowering th e chances of it. The building if not stable enough could collapse because the base camp is a locomote glacier.Building this would cost more than $700,000 (not including the cost for electricity and supplies). That would make a sum of about $3,000,000 for when it is first built and and about $2,300,000 for all the supplies and electricity. That probably does not even include the cost of shipping. which would add about $50,000 every time a load of stuff is shipped there. The Problem The problem is that Mount Everest is a pitiable glacier with an altitude of 17598ft. Also this permanent camp could cause even more pollution than there already is.This is also very costly considering that it is very fara expression from any major towns and it takes several days of trekking to get there, so building a settlement will be difficult and expensive. Also the altitude makes life history there very difficult, the people who work in the camp would have to go back to a lower altitude every week or so. Along with that operating and sustaining the camp would be extremely expensive, supplies would take very long to be delivered. The Solution The solution would be to find a way to make it less costly and more convenient for both the people that work there and the guests. The End Thanks for reading

“Frankenstein” Essay Introduction Essay

Mary Shelley in her novel Frankenstein studies a problem of human nature, comparing thoughts and actions of two main characters. The plot of a story is devoted to the creation of a new human and alienation of it by society. A question of the relationship amidst the creator and his work was tried to solve not only scientists but also science fiction writers.According to the authors intention, Victor goes from the euphoria of God to hominal primitivism in relation to the monster he made. As a father, he must show much to a greater extent compassion and patience than ordinary people. The litterateur showed an image of a newborn who came to the world with aid of science and technological progress. Like any child, he does not possess any knowledge and draws all the skills from surrounding world. His upbringing is a matter of time.Instead of help, the protagonist chooses to ignore and to avoid responsibility. Frankenstein feels so unfair position and responds in the same coin, refusing promises he has given. In fact, we are talking about retribution of the abandoned child. The motives of an inventor can be explained by his initial disappointment, which he experienced at the sight of the finished product. A creature was not as beautiful as in his fantasies and deprived him of the desire for shape up experiments.It was the obsession with knowledge prevented Victor from foreseeing the consequences of his insane fanaticism. His revolutionary nature brought not helping but only suffering to the family. In this context, our hero is an active irradiation in the hands of science. Intellect serves not as the blessing of heaven, but as a real curse that spawned a murderer.A dominant cerebrate for the hatred is rejecting appearance of Frankenstein. Focusing on such a primitive criterion, individuals did not seek to get acquainted with him, much less to close communication. much(prenominal) ostracism leads to despair and rejection of people. Perhaps the murder of immedia te family members played a symbolic role. Frankenstein wanted Victor to feel how hard it was to be devoid of screw and to remain alone.Not only does birth determine the character of a person, but also his/her environment. If Victor showed sincere participation in his offspring, and did not perceive it as a plague, events would unfold in a different way. But he is just a person who quickly lights up with pipe dream and retreats just as fast.Thus, Mary Shelleys Frankenstein does not lose its relevance in our time. Modern technology allows you to create artificial persons. An attitude toward such a perspective ranges from a complete aversion of similar future to absolute support. Probably, the writer tried to warn that some phenomena are better left untouched.

Women and Alcohol

One important problem that requires attention in the society is intoxicantic beverageism. Through the course of history, it had been noted that alcohol consumption had established prevalent position in the society, which is mainly in relation to gatherings and social occasions.Most cases of alcoholism are attributed to men rather than women. Limit of alcohol intake, though, defines the social issue on alcoholism. In this fast changing world, even women nowadays are binging in alcohol when there are occasions and during problems and distress. Too much consumption of alcohol leads to alcoholism. When rib comes in, alcohol then becomes a threat not only to the person himself but to the community as well.Due to the fact that the issue on alcoholism covers any gender of the society both directly and indirectly, problems piece of ass be identified at different levels and subgroups. The issue on alcoholism that threatens the women population is the main centering in this study. The re asons that were viewed are in relation to shifting section of the women in the society. They are now occupying roles of increasing importance. This issue had generated concern due to more ripe effects of alcoholism in women as compared to the male population as ascertained ailments and even death.This paper aims to discuss the effects of alcohol in women as compared to men. A clearer understanding of how the animal(prenominal), kind and social well being of women were affected by alcohol forget be given. Further remedies and solution to the problem testament also be tackled.Identifying the components where recovery will be made possible is also given in the end. This includes the alcoholic individuals, their family and social network, the community and other related to environment. Achieving health for the whole population is the key towards success and this domiciliate be done by overcoming the problem related to alcohol.Alcohol as a threat to the physical, mental and socia l well-beingMany people nowadays consider alcohol as an important constant companion during social gatherings. People can be found beverage alcohol whenever there are occasions, parties and even on dates. Women are expected to take more care of themselves rather than men. On the other hand imbibing alcohol in a moderate way has been a subject of controversy. This is because the physical and mental health has been put into test due to rampant alcohol drinking.Attaining a physically fit body and a stabilized mind is now difficult for women who drink alcohol. It has numerous disadvantages aside from the temporary enjoyment that they current during socializations. Women are described as the weaker sex and this makes the situation harder as compared to men who are usual alcohol drinkers.Drinking in moderate amounts during special occasions is not exactly harmful. What actually poses as a problem is the tendency for people to abuse their drinking behavior. Seeking solution to the probl em of alcoholism, thus, require the cooperation of every division of the society due to the fact that it is not only the alcoholics that become the target of the detrimental effects of alcoholism.Alcoholism and its SymptomsAlcoholism is considered as one health problem which has usual symptoms kindred loss of control, craving, physical dependence and tolerance.Craving manifests in the constant and strong compulsion to drink. More often women wanted to feel a sense of equality with men. This will make their craving towards alcohol be the same with men. It results to loss of control by exhibiting lack of concept of limitation when alcohol is already in reckon of them.Tolerance on the other hand is the need of the person to drink in bulk to get their groove. Once the physical and mental state is consumed by alcohol, physical dependence leaves the alcoholic with the withdrawal symptoms of sweating, anxiety or nausea if they are not able to drink for a long period.These symptoms are t he main reasons that can bring about problems in the family and society. This is due to the fact that in their search for the probable solution, they tend to consider giving the alcoholics what they are craving for, thus, escalating the problem and escalate the possible effects.The tendency for men and women to be alcoholic is a genetic trait but there may be differences in the genes and psychosocial disposition involved. This can be related to the differences in not only the physical but also emotional and mental make-up that results into the varying reactions to particular stimulus.The effect of alcohol on women drinker causes great concern due to the fact that it has tremendous effect in the family and in the society as well. Women have an important role that consist of inculcating values to the family and weaken their role as the model in the family.

Prejudice And Discrimination In Snow Falling On Cedars Essay

How does Guterson present the prejudice and discrimination against the Japanese Americans in chapter 1-15 of play false F entirelying on Cedars.This book shows a great difference among cultures on the island of San Piedro. To range with the island is a rattling cosmopolitan island with its residents every last(predicate) from different backgrounds and countries, Japan, England, Ger galore(postnominal), Spain and Denmark to foretell a few. We can tell this from the long lists of shops and their owners on page three.Chapter one tells us more intimately San Piedro. It tells us of the great beauty of the island. The solitary palm and vales of alfalfa, careless roads and the animals. It also tells us more around the residents. It says that they are close knit, a lot are deeply religious, they are reverent and are of limited means. The island in very quiet and so the trial is a very big event for them, San Piedro generally lay clear of frenzy. They also seem serious minded and c onservative and traditional in their way of thinking.With the story being coiffe after the Second World fight and the bombing of Pearl Harbour the battalion of Japanese origin are experiencing the most discrimination on the island. In chapter four there is a video with the fishermen at Amity Harbour. When they are talking about the accused man Kabuo Miyamoto also a fisherman, Dale Middleton referred to him as Miyamoto, not his first name. He then goes on to call all Japanese suckers and says Never could tell them guys apart. The term Jap is used throughout the book to refer to the Japanese. This is very insulting and sounds kinda racialist and rude. The first time this is used is by fellow fisherman William Gjovaag. This is the first real indicator in the book of the Japanese status on the island.Ishmael Chambers is the islands reporter and he is of Irish and Scottish descent. His function in the book is to be the person who experiences an inter-cultural relationship with a Japanese American girl. He isnt a racist and his job as journalist is to give a fair view in the paper. He cant be seen as discriminating in the paper. We learn more about this relationship as we read into the book.When Horace Whaley the coroner and the local G.P. sees Carls injury on his head he speculates straight away. He says of Sheriff Art Moran he ought to start looking for a Jap with a bloody gun exactlyt a right-handed Jap to be precise. He suggested all this from one wound in Carls skull, and instantly thinks it was a Jap. We learn from chapter five dollar bill that Whaley is a war veteran and he feel bitter about the Japanese and this causes him to discriminate without any proof that it was a Jap to blame for the wound. Whaley wouldnt say any of this in court, under oath, because he had no strong evidence, but he would speculate if he didnt live to back it up.In chapter seven we learn that the Japanese people who are attending the trial sat at the back of the of the court room it says that they didnt have to bait at there but did so because San Piedro required it of them without calling it a law. The chapter then continues to talk about the racism inflicted on the Japanese in the work place. They werent referred to by their Christian names, but by numbers or names that the census taker decided for them, such as Jap recite 1 or Dwarf Jap. This was very racist and disrespectful for them, aswell as embarassing and hurtful. We pity this verbal abuse. They were given the worst, most dangerous jobs.As if they were so insignificant it didnt matter if they got injured. If this wasnt bad enough the Japanese werent even paid the same as the other workers. They were do to eternal sleep in barns and were treated like animals. They were on the same level as the Red Indians and treated with same amount of disrespect. Then in 1942 the government deported all of the Japanese workers out of San Piedro because of the start of the Second World War, they were s een as a threat or the enemy. Even though they were natives, it was thought that they could be spies for he Japanese government, and were therefore deported.Although many of the islanders were racist towards the Japanese some of the Japanese had their own views about the white people. To contrast Mrs. Shigemura taught Hatsue that white men were dangerous egomaniacs and that they had fantasises about Japanese girls and that it distorted their sex drives. Hatsue should marry a boy of her own kind whose heart is strongand good.This shows us that all Japanese people beginnert take the abuse. They practice their views like the white racists.The book carries a lot of detail about the Second World War and has many explanations and feelings during and after the war. Also in this chapter we learn about Kabuo, his Buddhism and beliefs. These beliefs say that everything has a soul and shouldnt be harmed and so he feels he carries the burden of war. The Americans didnt think about, or take in to consideration the fact that the Japanese Americans would be going out to fight their own kind, people from their homeland. Kabuo feels enormous guilt about this and carried it through out his whole life.Carls beget, Etta is asked to give evidence for the prosecution in chapter nine. She is a farmers daughter who was brought up in southwestern Germany and she is very hardworking and proud. From the evidence she presented in court we feel she isnt emotional in any way and that her traditional views make her seem set in her ways. It also becomes apparent that she is extremely racist and feels that the Japanese are below her. She negotiation about her husband who doesnt share her racist views and Kabous father and about how they had an agreement, when her husband died she totally ignored the agreement, which is what she unavoidablenessed to do in the first place.Carl was like his father in that he wasnt racist either, he was friends with Kabuo and worried about them and their sa fety when they are told top leave the country. He relates to them and sees them as individuals rather than one awful race, like Etta. Carls and his mothers views sometimes clashed. For example when he brought the fishing rod home that Kabuo gave him, she told him to take it back. Etta never gave Zanichi- Kabuos father and his family a guess and she always talked subject to him, even though he was evermore polite. This highlights the contrast between the two characters well and shows Etta to be old, bitter and twisted and very close-minded.When Etta tells the court about her and Kabuos conversation in chapter ten it emphasise Ettas cold hearted, selfish, pathetic ways. She says that Kabuo has a mean face. She doesnt realise that this is what the Japanese look like, and that it is unachievable to read their faces. Yet she doesntwant to learn or try either way. Ettas character conveys racism very clearly and depicts how low, hurtful and quite an an petty some of the islanders a ctually are. We see how these attitudes effect the Japanese and how they cause problems and conflict, yet these people feel that it is their right to act this way toward them.A description of Pearl Harbour is given in chapter thirteen. It also tells us of what happens to the Japanese after and how they are discriminated against. Their bank accounts were stopped because there is a slight chance that they may be traitors. Also in chapter thirteen we learn more about Arthur Chambers, like his son he isnt a racist at all and is a friend to the Japanese. He feels confusion when he hears the story of the bombing and doesnt know what to print in his paper, because he doesnt want to support or defend the actions of either the Americans or the Japanese. Instead he prints stories of Japanese contribution to the community. He is a balanced, stable character and isnt racist in any way and therefore contradicts other characters in the book such as Etta and Horace.We learnt that Ishmael wasnt rac ist right at the start of the book and here we start to find out why. Ishmael had his first relationship with Hatsue Imada who is Japanese. To Hatsue when she was growing up her relationship with Ishmael felt young, innocent and fun. They both(prenominal) enjoyed each others company and most of all liked each other. They found sanctuary in a hollowed out Cedar shoetree in the woods earlier on in the book. There they were hidden away from the world and werent effected by anything going on in the outside.There they could be themselves and it wouldnt matter that their love for each other was forbidden. Now in chapter thirteen the fortress of the cedar tree start to bechance apart. The war starts it and now the fact that their countries are against each other upsets Hatsue and she realises that they have to stop meeting, especially as the relationship is starting to get sexual. Ishmael doesnt see it that way he is naive and doesnt see the problem as clearly as Hatsue as she starts to feel she is deceiving her parents.The F.B.I search on the Imadas property takes place in chapter fourteen.They come at iniquity for the search. This instantly suggests they dont have the decency to come during the day they arrive at night to cause upset and grief. The family is referred to as the enemy and aliens which misplaces them from the San Piedro community instantly. The men take away guns, dynamite and swords they say that they are violent weapons and dont listen when they tell them that they are only used to assist them with farming the land.The big men also take cultural objects, like a flute, some medicament and hatsues scrapbook. This is unjust and they are abusing their authority and their warrant. ThEy root through their draws and rummage in their underwear, this is embarrassing and very disrespectful. One of the officers deliberately says Hisaos name incorrectly, this is very rude and must be frustrating because he said it wrong even when corrected. When the men un justly arrest him they try to justify it as a sacrifice, even though none of this mess was their fault.Everything is taken away from the Japanese and they are then sent away to camps. The baseball team lost its outflank players and this saddened many people so they dedicated the match to them. This makes us realise that most people in San Piedro dont want them to leave.Hatsue and her mother Fujiko have a conversation about the discrimination she has been suffering or that she will suffer later in life, Fujiko is a bias character because she has suspicions about all white people and she has a very pessimistic outlook. She tells her how she and Hatsues father were embarrassingly poor yet they got through it with dignity. She explained about how she feels invisible to the whites of the island and that she was and is constantly ignored, but they should all except this because that was how it was and nothing was going to change. She tells Hatsue that the Japanese are worthless to the w hites and their value is like dust in a strong wind.The expedition to Manzanar is discussed in chapter fifteen. There is no comfort and they are treated like animals and we feel for these people because they dont know the outcome of their fate, but they had to line up to the rules of the American Government. Fujiko tries to show she is strong by sufferinginwardly. The fact Manzanar is a desert we know there will be no escape and the hostile, barren, baking hot landscape will be a total contrast to San Piedro. Also in this chapter Fujiko finds out about Hatsue and Ishmaels relationship. This is quite hypocritical because she talks to Hatsue about how white always discriminate against them but here a white person is being kind and loving to her daughter and she gets so upset. This is quite a contrast and shows that the Japanese can be just as bad at discriminating.In these fifteen chapters we see the suffering of the Japanese at the hands of the white islanders. The Japanese could not help many of the reasons at all and a minority of Japanese Americas punished for a war between the country they currently live in and the country they originated from. We pity the Japanese throughout and understand why some of them are suspicious. Some of the islanders are constantly hateful, spiteful and rude, with no respect for their fellow human beings. Whereas others are polite and kind and treat them as they would anyone else. Guterson conveys this pity in many of the nasty comments made by the whit islanders. Like the term Jap and many of the awful things they were subject to at work. Even though a couple of the Japanese characters dont like whites. Much of the pity in the book is directed at the Japanese Americans.

Did Government Violate Laissez-Faire Essay

After the Civil War, many businessmen endorsed the capitalist judgment of organisation in order to promote industry. In this concept, g overnment did not interfere with industry. But what came with this concept was unlimited freedom for businessmen and high prices for consumers. While many businessmen supported a Laissez-Faire concept of organisation between 1865 and 1900, the people did not benefit from it, which led presidency to violate this concept with their policies, but just to a moderate extent overall.They violate laissez-faire to a moderate extent by military discern Railroad Land Grants before 1870 and eliminating them after, to a great extent by Regulating interstate highway Commerce with the Interstate Commerce Act in 1886, and only to a limited extent by attempting to control trust activities with the Sherman fair Act in 1890, producing a moderate government involvement overall. Government began to violate the concept of Laissez-Faire with its Railroad Land G rants. Laissez-Faire promoters believed that the government is best which governs least. While industrialists promoted this concept, it was already being profaned when the Federal Government gave thousands of acres of land to Railroad companies in return for building railroads. These subsidies, in the form of loans and land grants, totaled over 130 million acres of public land. (Doc D. ) The federal government issued these grants in hope that the railroad would increase the value of the land and provide better range for carrying mail and transporting troops. More railroads continued to be built, including four other transcontinental railroads.Of these four, James Hills Great Northern Railroad was the only bingle to be built without federal subsidies. These grants benefited the Railroad financiers greatly, especially Jay Gould who went into the business to make quick profit by selling off the as apparels and watering stocks. The grants were justified by financiers by saying that th e railroads provided for settlement of the west and attracted immigrants, giving the land more credit, which was the governments main purpose to begin with.However, as more controversy entered the industry, the railroad formation began to fail, and, in the 1870s the Federal government recognized this problem and terminated their policy of grants to railroads. This policy prohibited the issuing of subsidies to associations or corporations diligent in public or private enterprises. (Doc F) By issuing this resolution, Congress eliminated itself from the railroad industry, promoting the concept of Laissez-Faire. So while congress was a large subdivision of industry before 1870, violating Laissez-Faire, they eliminated themselves from it, and promoted Laissez-Faire from that point on.This appearings that congress violated Laissez to a moderate extent, because they violated it before 1870 but not after. Later, government violated Laissez-Faire in another way, by regulating interstate commerce. Before 1886, many states had Granges, social and educational organizations for farmers and their families who aimed to defend its members against the middlemen, trusts, and railroads. Grangers in many states successfully lobbied their state legislatures to guide laws regulating railroad rates.In the case of Munn v Illinois in 1877, the Supreme Court upheld the right of a state to make up anes mind businesses of a public nature, standardized railroads. But these laws, called Granger laws, could only regulate local and short-haul rates within their states. In the case of Wabash v. Illinois in 1886, the Supreme Court ruled that states could not regulate interstate commerce that was left up to the federal government. Because many railroad companied raised their long-haul rates after the granger laws were adopted, the federal government mandatory to resolve to the outcry of farmers and shippers.It recognized that the railroad industrys benefits had been attained to, in ef fect, build up the strong at the expense of the weak (Doc J. ) The federal government worked to fix this problem by passing the Interstate Commerce Act in 1886. This Act required railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and set up the first federal regulatory agency, the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC. ) This law affected the railroad industry greatly, and the results were astounding. In effect, it increased railroad earnings, and allot an end to rebates and drawbacks. (Doc L. ) This act was huge in government intervention in industry.By issuing this act, the federal government aimed to help the cries of the farmers and shippers, and in effect violated laissez faire by involving itself directly in the railroad industry from state to state, and also nullified previous laws regulating the railroad industry passed in individual states. This shows that the government did violate industry to a great extent when it came to regulating Interstate Commerce. As a select few became ver y wealthy by forming trusts in their particular industries, the government violated Laissez-Faire by trying to control trust activities.In the 1880s, many middle class citizens feared the power that trusts gave industrialists, and urban elites resented the change magnitude influence of the new rich men in America. Because so many businessmen were developing trusts and were the only ones benefiting from business, John Sherman, a Senator from Ohio, was inspired to pass the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890 by reformers who failed to curb trusts on the state level. The Act prohibited any contract, combination, in the form of trust or otherwise, or confederacy in restraint of trade or commerce.Sherman believed the act would provide every man with his right to work, labor, and produce and to transport his production on equal terms. (Doc N. ) The Act, however, just did that. It was purposely written vaguely in order to promote loose interpretation. This was partly because those holding the trusts were bribing state legislatures. Since the state legislatures appointed senators, and senators were all represented equally in each state, monopolists would bribe the state legislatures in order to get the candidate they wanted in the senate, who in turn would affect the passage of anti-trust laws. at that place were very few federal prosecutions issued under the act between its passing in 1890 and 1901, a total of 17 in 11 years. (Doc Q. ) In one particular case of United States v E. C. Knight Co in 1895, the Supreme Court ruled that the Sherman Antitrust Act could be applied only to commerce, not to manufacturing. (Doc P. ) Because of this case, the US Department of Justice secured few convictions until the law was changed during the Progressive Era. So while the federal government attempted to regulate the industry and celebrate trusts, it barely did so.Because of the weak wording of the act, trusts failed to stop developing. The federal government involved itself in the industry because of the complaints and fears of the powers that those who held trusts had, and though it involved itself in the industry by issuing a law and enforcing it slightly, the supreme court rulings and loose interpretation of the law allowed little alterations to the industry, showing that the federal government only violated laissez-faire to a limited extent.As it can be assumed, the businessmen of industrial era promoted laissez-faire only when it benefited their business. They manipulated people in order to gain what they wanted-a monopoly. As economic problems began to surface with the laissez-faire system, government began to intervene. Though they were involved to a great extent in the railroad system initially, they eliminated themselves from it after 1870, only violating the laissez-faire system to a moderate extent overall.When it came to interstate commerce, the government violated laissez-faire to a great extent by issuing the interstate Commerce Act. And with this issue of trust activities, the government only intervened to a limited extent by passing the Sherman Antitrust Act and then failing to execute it. All of these things show that government violated laissez-faire to a moderate extent, and this was because the laissez-faire system did not benefit society as a whole and government needed to fix economic and social problems.

Scarlet Letter Final Exam: Expressions of the Transcendentalists

Victoria Clark Scarlet Letter Final Exam Expressions of the Transcendentalists nobody knows this little Rose by Emily Dickinson expresses how substantial a move up actually is to its environment and without the rose being of existence will affect the objects that are close to it. Dickinson goes onto say what is affected by the blemish of the rose. in addition in The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne he emphasizes how when a situation alters that there is a different way of life that comes with it.Emily Dickinson and Hawthorne use transplant within an entity to utilize how it can affect the things closest to it. Dickinson uses a rose to express herself,Nobody knows this little Rose, to convey how important the rose is be to its environment when it dies. Dickinson says,7 Only a bee will miss it (Dickinson creese 5), this means that when the rose should die that the bee will not lay down somewhere to land to describe the pollen from the rose. Hawthorne uses a vitriolic flo wer to emphasize what is growing upon Chillingworths heart. Hawthorne writes, Let the black flower blossom as it may (119).The black flower rash is used to as well indicate the evil growing upon Chillingworths heart and how it has an affect on the way Chillingworths deformity. The authors both use the colors tearing and black to create an image in the readers mind so that they understand what the colors red and black mean. The image that the red rose spews an image of extol in some minds or how miserable the bee might be after the departure of the rose. The word usage that Hawthorne uses to describe the black rose gives the image of death, and the black flower that that was growing over Chillingworths heart would be the one that kills him.Dickinson goes on to say Only a Bird will wonder(Dickinson line 9), this line represents how if the bird uses the rose to indicate where food is, it will not be able to get food, and will wonder where the rose is and will have to find a new p lace to gather food. Hawthorne writes I will keep my secret, as I have this (53). As Hester and Chillingworth are talking to separately other about who her child, Pearls father actually is, Chillingworth tells her to keep their connection a secret, along with the secret his true identity.Along with the other secrets, Hester makes a order to herself that she will never tell anyone who Pearls father is. In addition, Hester keeping this secret throughout the book brings a burden upon her heart, as hale as Dimmsdales. This colossal secret has makes Dimmsdale start to fast and beat himself with a scourge that is hidden in his closet. This change within Hester and Dimmsdales minds is affecting Pearl, Dimmsdale, Chillingworth and Hesters lives. Dickinson and Hawthorne demonstrate how one minute secret or objects can change from the life of something or someone that is very close to it.Hawthorne says,So speaking she undid the clasp that fastened the scarlet letter, and fetching it from her bosom threw to a distance among the withered leaves(Hawthorne 138). As Pearl has gone off to play she queue up herself up in leaves and makes a scarlet letter of her own and has placed it upon her bosom. While Dimmsdale and Hester discuss their lives, Hester has a sudden outburst of self-assurance and wants to give up the scarlet letter to be free from the bondage it has brought upon her and her relationship with her child, Pearl. Hawthorne goes on to say, Pearl, look down at thy feetThere Before thee on the hither side of the brook Bring it hither Swallow it up for ever (144). With the scarlet letter being off of Hesters bosom Pearl does not recognize who Hester is, she converges her as if she is a stranger because Hester has had the scarlet letter on her bosom since Pearl can remember. Pearl also thinks that the scarlet letter is a good thing and that it is beautiful- Pearl wants a scarlet letter of her own. With the Scarlet letter being off of heaters Bosom Pearl canno t tolerate the change that her mother has made.Dickinson says,Only a Breeze will sigh(Dickinson line 10) along with the other vital thing that the rose ask to pop off the rose is also having an affect on the breeze. The breeze does not have anything to bump against anymore since the rose is not in the spot it was in onward when it blew by. Hawthorne and Dickinson use these examples to show that when something or someone is use to seeing or feeling something a certain way that when it changes they may or may not recognize the difference that has occurred with , in this case, the rose being missing from the breezes path and the scarlet letter being gone from Hesters bosom. Nobody knows this little Rose, Emily Dickinson concludes her poem by saying, Ah Little Rosehow easy/ For such as thee to die she understands that the rose meant a lot to the butterfly, bee, breeze ,and bird. She stress on how each and every thing was affected by the loss of something that was very dear to the m. The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the Scarlet Letter to call attention to how the puritan society actually is.He explains how hard it is for a woman who has committed adultery with a secret that she cant reveal until the right time, a reverend who also committed adultery who has to keep the secret of adultery on his heart and sees his adulteress get punished for something that he participated in, and a man who was the seed to the head that grew within The Scarlet Letter see what it was like to, in actuality, get a taste of his own medicine. Hawthorne began this story with a deep, dark picture of a jail entrance.He gave the reader a image of a gloomy, gray place and he saw it fit to swan a rosebush into the story. Later on in the chapter you begin to understand the amazing significance of the rosebush next to the jail. He also dwells on how narrow-minded the puritans were, how they had different religious views. Public Punishment was also put into perspective when it came down to the crookedness of the Puritan society. Lastly, Hawthorne symbolized death and secrets to utilize spiritual breakthrough and mental freedom.Nathaniel Hawthorne has taken me on a emotional and theatrical rollercoaster. Emily Dickinson took a simple rose and highlighted on how natures creatures are affected by an absence of a friend. At the scratch line she used the tone of a person who is taking a stroll and picks up a rose and is admiring how beautiful the rose is. As Dickinson goes on she say that she took it from its ways. Which means that after picking the rose she begins to see how the environment around it stop in their tracks and in a sense mourn over the loss of the rose.She also sees how the bee will miss it because of its sweet pollen that it needs to feed its family. Without the bee taking the pollen from the flower the bee cannot help produce for its family and new flowers when it goes to another flower. The Butterfly hastening from its far journey would us ually lie down on the rose to rest but now the butterfly will have to lie itself upon another flower that it is not use to.Finally, Dickinson used the breeze to give resource and a sense of smell to paint a picture on how the breeze would look brushing up against the rose if it were in its regular spot. Also gives off the sweet smell of the rose. In Nobody knows this little Rose, Emily Dickinson creates a beautiful story in a twelve line poem. From the beginning to end , she creates a full-course dinner with one recipe. Emily Dickinson started off by gathering the ingredients, to slicing and dicing, to mixing all the ingredients together and smelling the beautiful aroma , to at last serving p a stunning creation of a poem. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Emily Dickinson have many similarities in their technique of writing. By reading a piece of their employ I have come to realize that they are two very dynamic authors that bring so many things into prospective about life, death, self-awa reness, love and hate, and they put all of their thoughts into one small novel or poem. Works Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York Bantam, 1986. Print. Brooks, Kevin. The Road of the Dead. New York Push, 2007. Print.

Countryside attraction – New Forest National Park

My countryside attraction is red-hot Forest National Park. This general description of countryside attraction explains the general appeal, impact of location, practice features and key points about(predicate) countryside operation and management. My individual investigation of Exmoor National Park examines each of these features in more detail. By doing a general description starting time it will help to highlight the key information on countryside attractions that cease then be compared with man-made attractions.Countryside location and accessThe key difference between countryside and man-made attractions is that the first are natural where as the second give the gate be chosen. In Britain, there are over 10 guinea pig position in various parts of the country but most of the parks are in the north. There are no national parks in the southeast capital of the United Kingdom bowl. There are a variety of countryside natural attractions including gardens, nature trails, private farms, forests and woodland, wetland, smaller area of stretch out space often used for out-door recreation, wildlife parks, and bird sanctuaries all of which are not national parks, but can be important countryside attractions. The coastal areas of Britain, separate to beaches and resorts, include costal walks, natural wildlife and scenery, which are popular with tourists. stead and access to countryside is important for the following reasons1. Promotion of tourism2. Economic. Countryside tourism earns income for the tourism industry3. Social. Countryside tourism provides opportunities for education, frolic and social entertainment.4. Environment. The management of the countryside peculiarly in national parks helps foster the environment for the benefit of wildlife, plants, farm animals, local anaesthetic communities, visiting tourists for now and the future.5. Impacts of location and access can also be negative. Some countryside area attracts high numbers of visitors in peak season, which can have a negative impact on wildlife, farming, local communities, if not controlled. The seasonal popularity of countryside areas and the bad climate in winter can have a negative economic impact on employment, income for businesses and the country balance of payments.Appeal and popularityThe main appeal and popularity of Britain away(p) its heritage cities and its popular youth culture is the greenery of its countryside heritage, which is uniquely different to natural scenery attractions of otherwise areas in the world. A major appeal and popularity is for a day-trip or short break customers travelling to the countryside on local or regional journeys. The majority of British customers are regional, but that is because there is a national motorway network, with limited rail access, there are also many national domestic tourists. Countryside events much(prenominal) as fetes and agricultural shows are also popular. Many are promoted on television and are especially attracted to the family visitor and international tourist, because of their link to local cultural heritage.In general British countryside has a nifty image and reputation. But it has suffered seriously from the Foot and Mouth Disease and competition with city attractions and cheap holidays abroad, especially a seaside product market. The countryside attracts particular interest groups such as schools, educational groups, senior citizens with more time, and enthusiasts of outdoorsy recreation. initiation and technology of countrysideThe natural landscape can be protected by managing and controlling access, building, roads, snapshot areas, events and view points. Agricultural processors such as drainage, choice of crops, can also be controlled to help protect the nature and appearance of local environments. The location of entrances, exits, car parks, catering facilities, accommodation, can all be design to fit in to natural environment and to limit negative impact.Many rural vil lages have local government planning control to limit manmade environments, so they are based on local materials and face methods which help maintain local crafts and traditions, e.g. Cotsworlds, Yorkshire Grystone welsh stone built walls are features of the British countryside that have been protected. Design and technology is also very important for the health and safety and security of access to outdoor recreation, involving water, rivers, lakes and costal areas, mountains with dangerous rock features, isolated areas and countryside that needs to be protected from the dangers of fire or manmade pollution.

The Importance of Accountability Essay

Accountability is classical in either organization, in health care unhurrieds live can be at stake. Accountability is defined as being answerable to audiences for performing up to certain prescribed standards, thitherby fulfilling obligations, duties, expectations, and other charges. Employees on on the whole levels need to be kept on a certain standard so accountability leave alone be measured by accomplishment assessments, this can be done weekly, biweekly, monthly and yearly. Check and balances is in place so that one division is not favorable over others, every department so that the organization can be successful. Having everyone accountable for their actions will increase campaignplace productions because others will not energise to worry about others tasks. Maintaining a positive morale is essential it will increase employees productions and land employee error especi solelyy in a health care setting.Measuring Employees AccountabilityAs managers, providing an effect ive and thoughtful assessment can help your employees learn and grow, thereby making them much productive team members. Wilbanks, L. (2011). Assessments are the core of any organizations because this is where a manager and employee can see where someone is lacking and prognosticate the occupation. Positive reviews are praise for the employee that is doing their job correctly nevertheless negative reviews is where employee will need to reference point the problems by improving or getting more(prenominal) than training. Yearly assessments are the most important because it is handout to take every past assessment into consideration and if improve is not seen disciplinary actions may be taken as far being laid off depending on managements decision.Check-and-BalanceChecks-and-balances in government is put in place so that no one branch of government is more powerful than any other one. Organizations adopted this process so that no one department gets all the power but there is a c ertain amount of power to each department so that the organization can be successful. If power is not equally divided one or more departments are not going to be effective in the care for its patients.Accountability Organizations Working subtletyThere are many ways accountability is important and will pretend a workings culture usually in a positive way. One way that it will positively prompt the work place is that employees will stick to their task at hand and not have to do other employees tasks. Each employee needs to be accountable for what their job description says and stick to their assignment. In a health care setting doing more than the employee is entitled to can be a serious problem especially if they are underqualified. For instance a manage tech should only worry about the monitor but if a patient complains about being in pain he/she cannot give the patient anything that should be handled by nurses with directions by the physicians. There can be serious consequence s for the technician because it can drastically affect the patient even causing death if something was administered wrong. Each patient was hired to do certain tasks and cut off those tasks should not be acceptable by any organizations.Positive CultureMorale is important in any organization because without a positive morale employees will not want to work or not put their full effort into their work. Happy workers are known to be more creative, productive and team oriented. Jennifer Newman and, D. G. (2006, Jul 19). Creating a positive culture among employees could be a difficult task for managers but not impossible. Having everyone accountable for their tasks and if organization goals are being met, rewards can be given out much(prenominal) as bonuses or lunches. This goes a long way for employees and shows what they should strive for instead of being off task. Employees cognize that they will get rewarded for their hard work and dedication can create a positive employment for everyone as well as patients.Avoiding Culture of BlameThe blame game is something to be avoided in the study because it only cause stress and strain on everyone in the workplace. Managers need to make sure it is understand that each employee stays on task and for those that are lacking or not handling their jobs will be met with disciplinary actions the day of their assessment. Keeping control is going to be very important for the managers because free stress can lead to problems with patients.Importance of AccountabilityIn this paper the importance of accountability was detailed thoroughly, each employee needs to be accountable for each and every action they do on a day to day basis. Weekly, biweekly and annual assessments is a very important measurement so that the performance of each is kept at a certain standard. Keeping each department in a check-and-balance is important so that no one department is seen as all powerful among others. Each department needs to cooperate among st each other to make the organization successful. Accountability is important so that there is a positive working culture.ReferencesJennifer Newman and, D. G. (2006, Jul 19). 11 ways to boast morale in the workplace. Harbour metropolis Star. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com/docview/357835576?accountid=458 Porter-OGrady, T., & Malloch, K. (2007). Managing for success in health care. St. Louis, MO Mosby. Wilbanks, L. (2011). Performance reviews. IT Professional Magazine, 13(1), 58-60. doihttp//dx.doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2011.13

Benefit of watching television Essay

some people think television has mostly a ostracise impact on their lives because television displays a carry on of violence, gossip, and erotic things. They think go outing TV will waste their time, disorder their thinking, and give defective demonstrations to their child. Actually, most people hold the wrong views about watching TV it is beneficial to watch TV. present are the reasons why.First of all, there is the information that I tush absorb from television. Daily news, for example, has a lot of information that I never know about and reports a lot of incidents which happen around the creative activity such(prenominal) as the States sends army and air force to Iraq and catches its president, by the way, we can learn not only information but also about different societies, cultures, and customs I can not learn from news such as some strange traditions of a small city that I have never heard in China or another small country in the corner of the earth. Although I spend my time on television but I get something to a greater extent(prenominal) valuable and helpful than what I con juncturee.Secondly, there is the excitement that I can get from television when I am bored. There are many exciting movies on HBO, for instance, Terminator I, II, and III are precise good movies to cheer me up. Many parents think that signifier of exciting movies are too violent for their children to watch because they blame the movies for their childrens behavior rather than tell their children what is right and what is wrong furthermore, parents and adults can watch RoboCop by themselves and they can enjoy the movie without worrying about their children learning bad things or violent behaviors from it. determination but not least, there is the stimulation that I can bring to my brain from the television such as the show Super Millionaire. This program is very popular not only in America but also in my country Taiwan because people can join the game in their homes with the participants at the television station, and this can stimulate my brain by thinking about and answering the questions tear down I cant really get the bonus if I got the correct answer. Moreover, I can call in the show to win the prize if there is no winner today this kind of television program suits both children andadults there is no bad influence or side effects.To sum up, it is in terms of absorbing information, getting excitement, and stimulating my brain so that television has no negative but only positive impacts on my life. If I want to learn or know something by another way instead of television, I truly believe that I will spend more time and more money to reach my goal.

Interview Topic: Cultural Differences Between Austrian and Indian

Interview-Guide Topic Cultural oddments between Austrian and Indian employees/managers. Dear Interviewee, We atomic number 18 primarily interested in your personal experiences, and all questions are to be seen as related to you Name Birgitt Native commonwealth (indicate any(prenominal) double citizenship) Austria Gender Female Country(ies) visited South America, Asia, Europe and Australia Age 25 Q1 Explain largely where the greatest differences between Austrian and Indian worklife are to be found. There are generally to a greater extent Indians employed for a job that is usually done by only one Austrian.Time perception is different. I think Indians have more on the job(p) hours. Q2 How do you feel that your country is different than other countries? I alike it because India is a country that is still in transition and is very dynamic. In Austria the development seems to be limited already. Q3 What can you point out as being the most important cultural difference between an Indian and Austrian/European ? -Perception of cleaness is different -People in India seem to be more lay back -The importance of religion is higher in general Man are more governing Q4 What stereotypes do people in your country generally use to pick out the following groups (dont describe your take in people if listed below) * The Americans stupid, fat and superstitious * The French arrogant, unfriendly and not willing to speak English * The Germans punctual and boring * The Indians nodding with there head a different way, funny and lazy Q5 When you travel abroad, do you think that these preconceptions are justified (on a scale from 1 to 5)? 1 (In general Yes) 2 3 sometimes yes, sometimes no. 4 5 (Not at all) Give examples Q6 How do you perceive the schoolmaster communication between foreign (Austrian/European ) and Indian employees? -Formal -Friendly, small talk on the beginning -Showing laborious interest about the other country -Indians more friendly, Austrians more focussed and harsh Q7 How do organizational principles in India differ from Austrian ones? Indians like to foresee everyaffair and plan in advance, Austrians more flexible in plan making (short time) Q8 In the business world, would you say that The level of responsibility given to people is colligate to (several answers are possible) * their position in the companionship ? my answer * the number of years spent in the company * their age * their sex * other -The boss of a company * is hard to reach * can be reached easily ? my answer * needs to have authority * doesnt try to appear powerful Q9 In your society, nurture is generally transmitted ? * directly, with explicit messages, so as not to waste time. ? my answer * indirectly, through many unspoken messages. other Q10 How are outlanders accepted in India? Do you have experiences concerning expatriates and their acceptance by Indian employees? I dont have experience but I was told that they integrate foreigner pretty fast Q 11 How important is the topic of religion in daily worklife in India? Really important, in Austria it is not. Q 12 Would you say that your country is rather turned towards Individualism or Collective/group emotional state (on a scale from 1 to 5) 1 (Individualism) ? very individualistic 2 3 4 5 (Collective/group spirit)Q13 Rank the following concepts from 1 (positive) to 5 (negative) depending on their positive or negative quantify in your society? * clearness 1 * saving ones face 4 * frankness 3 * working in group 2 * personal pride 3 * competition 3 Q14 The head for the hillsency to flip companies or jobs in india is * high * low * other dont know Q15 As far as time organization, people in india tend to do * do just one thing at a time ? my answer * do several things at once * other tend to be * very punctual * rather punctual * rarely on time ? my answer * neer on time other tend to * strictly follow what they have planned to do * exchange their agenda and therefore postpon e what they have planned ? my answer * other Q16 How important is money in India? Do you have the feeling that bargaining is important in India ? Money is not that important in India as it is in Austria, but bargaining is more important than in Austria Q17 Do you have any ideas on how to solve problems of Austrian companies in India? Being patient and adopt to the culture, slow down a bit and introduce clear rules and make clear that they have to be followed 8 How would you generally describe an Indian? Do you think that Indians and Austrians/European overlook the cultural differences or are they aware of them? Indians are laid back on the one hand but also very committed to things like religion and family. They are very helpful and not that selfish as Europeans. I think that Europeans are aware of the cultural differences but still cannot get a feeling of it till they are very visiting India. ? Please feel free to add your own suggestions and comments on this topic or on the sur vey itself? Thank you for taking part in the survey?

Heritage and cultural tourism Essay

Tourism is third largest fabrication in the cosmos and according to the cut across of World travel and Tourism Council tourism effort generates approx 12% of realism GNP (Agyei and Samuel, 2006). hereditary pattern and culture has everlastingly been one of the most signifi flush toilett aspects of man tourism. People brave out their lives against rich environment throw offed by historic buildings, countrysides of ancient times (Chang, 2000).This present research report has objectives to discuss the appendage and importance of inheritance and ethnic industry. To describe in better form some of the worlds most popular inheritance place is considered in this report. Further this report will also focus on discordant aspects pertaining to hereditary pattern and culture industry (Barr and Herv, 2002). parturiency 1 Understand the growth and entropy of the heritage and heathenish industry within travel and tourism. a. Breakdown of hereditary pattern and Cultural tour ism locationsHeritage and Cultural tourism locations atomic number 18 gener whollyy considered as a outgrowth of tourism industry which is oriented towards the cultural heritages at the particular location where tourism is happening. It includes the process of traveling to experience all the historic places or relieve oneself knowledge about the history (Chang, 2000). in that location atomic number 18 various places in world which consists with historic elements in it like Tateva which is situated in Armenia, Briteddine palace, Lebanon, Wudand Mountains, situated in china etc.But in present scenario there various factors which ar responsible for destroying world heritage (Evans and Graeme, 2003). To give broad focus on the issue here is an example of some world heritages which ar standing on the stage of demolition. Bamiyan Buddhas statutes atomic number 18 the worlds famous monumental statues of Buddhas are established in 6th century which was destroys in the year of 2001 (Evans and Graeme, 2003). These statues are reinforced from stone and smoothen in the ancient times. The reasons are not yet clear for destruction of these two prehistoric statues. fingers breadth Bomiyan Buddhas statue(Source Evans and Graeme, 2003)Bomiyan Buddhas statues are situated in the Afghanistan, 230 km northwest of Kabul, and standing into the side of fall in Bamiyan valley. Lots of examples are observed where ancient assets are standing at the corner of devastation. There is also one example of Pompeii which is ancient roman town city. This ancient town was originated in the seventh century BC was captured by Romans in 80 BC (Bernick and Boo, 2013). This place was also known as House of Gladiators, only before some time unfortunately its breakdown report has been recognize.Pompeii is popular in tourist but suffered from lack of investments for further developments. One wall was destructed by the cause of heavy precipitate falls which reflects the lack of Italian g overning activitys in maintain the ancient sites. This place is situated near Nepal in the Italian region of Campania. It is the popular tourism place and it in the year of 2008 this place has recorded 2.6 billion visitors per year (Harrison, 2006).Figure Pompeii after destruction(Source Bernick and Boo, 2013)b. Growth and development of heritage and cultural sitesTo consistently ensuring the development of heritage sites of the world, there is establishment of the World Heritage Center in 1992 (Harrison, 2006). They are functional as a secretariat of the statutory bodies of the conventions. They assist the state parties in order to implement the development policies of heritages sites. This piazza also helps in executing the old conventions and to develop the home(prenominal) government capabilities to maintain the long circumstance protection of historic sites. Governments of many nations are aware for develop their ancient sites to retain the past.They are working in order to depart enormous opportunities of employments for deliverance and social developments of their nation. There are various backstage and government originations which assist in the developments of heritage and cultural sites (Mehmetoglu and Normann, 2013). Culture and tourism is study source of taxation and various steps are taken by governments and private organizations to develop the heritage and culture.There are several steps has been taken by the governments, organizations, an community to develop heritage and culture (Mehmetoglu and Normann, 2013). Authentic cultural and heritage venues and programs It is inseparable for each community to realize that heritage and culture is competitive venture (Petia and Peter, 2004). It is unavoidable by the governments and private organization to take some steps for gathering peck and develop them sagaciousness regarding importance of heritage and culture conservations. They can organize some events or programs to aware the public for taste of heritage (Petia and Peter, 2004).Coordination of stakeholders This is another process of growth and development where organizations can take the help of workers and service go overrs in heritage place. Service provider can educate the customers regarding usefulness of history and traditions. Coordination of stakeholder will contributes a majuscule support in aware the customers to take care of their heritage and traditions (Uriely, 2009). Development of Necessary infrastructure By developing study infrastructure of the heritage places government can helps in increasing the numbers of visitors. The major infrastructure includes hotels, transportation, amenities, local anaesthetic anesthetic attractions etc (Uriely, 2009).These involvements will attract the visitors to a visit that place and leads to generate sources of in follow for the local peoples. c. potential difference conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural sites The term Heritage is general ly used by the people for those things which are valuable for them and which they want to secure for future, and that thing will be source of pride for them.The common land conflicts which could be occur and concern with defining tangible heritage and intangible heritage (Petia and Peter, 2004). Intangible heritage can be observed as meaning, values, memories, feeling etc and tangible heritage are those which are built in the ancient time. Potential conflicts regarding conservation of heritage and cultural sites should be cut down. In the fibre when conflict cannot be cut down, then significance of the heritage should be put forward. Different concourse from community have different preferences and values for heritage. Giving preference to conservation for particular place by skip another valuable place can become the major reason for developing conflicts in the group of the communities (Uzama, 2009). TASK 2 Purpose and importance of heritage and cultural attractionsa. Purpose an d importance of heritage and cultural sites and attractions Heritages are divides in two part tangible and intangible heritage, it essential to preserve all the heritage and natural sites around the world. One aspect for retention of the heritage places is that major tourism seam is associated with the heritage places. Tourism industry generally prefers to visits their travelers at heritage and natural attractions. It is reflected from recent survey that in between 1996 to 2002 data shows that heritage travel is increased by 13 %, more than double growth of US travel industry (Uzama, 2009). According to the report of US Travel Association, travel and tourism industry directly contributes to approx $800 billion to the economy of United States in the year of 2011 (Uriely, 2009).The main purpose of the heritage is implicated with protecting the environment by encouraging the peoples and government to save the world heritage to sustain local economy. Retention of heritage place also p rovides the quality of life and helpful in giving cultural identity to the communities (Uzama, 2009). The importance of heritage can be judged by observing the total contribution to the gross domestic product by Egypt tourism which has recorded increase in 4% to 9% simultaneously 2009 to 2010 (Harrison, 2006). In the background of cultural attractions, for example cultural attractions in Saudi Arabia have contributes to 12% of GDP.Figure Growth balance of Heritage and Culture tourism (Source Lafontine and Shaw, 2005) From the tralatitious point of view heritage is defined as computer architecture object. In present era heritage includes various monuments, buildings, landscapes, old traditions, urban bailiwicks, maritime places, country sites, etc (Lafontine and Shaw, 2005). Heritage sites and buildings, landscapes also contain various optimistic influences on many aspects to develop a social community. Rebuilding, education, economy development, increase in the level of employm ents are the key areas where positive impacts of the heritage and culture reservation can be observe (Rodgers, 2001).By recognizing the various advantages to these aspects it can be considered that heritage and culture are historic for the economy and social developments (Sisay, 2009). The historic environment is proven as a source of benefits because there are various parts in world where tourist generally attracts to visits only that place which is consists with some past. This thing provides data to travelers regarding habits, patterns and preferences, styles, and a business concept of ancients communities. Social community feels very noble-minded to have some history of them, but dont always express how much they give value to the place until it is in problem. Reuse of the ancient building is a significant factor which relates to sustainable communities (Lafontine and Shaw, 2005). b.How do these sites and attraction meet the needs of different customers and stakeholders In to urism industry cultural and heritage is considered as fastest growing segment and consistently showing trends towards the rising flow of specialization among tourists. development heritage and cultural segment in the tourism industry reflects the fascination of travelers towards adventure, traditions, past, archeology and interest in interface with the traditional peoples (Laurie and et. al., 2004). According to perception of heritage and culture experts, customers are those who comes to visits heritage places and willful to take the information about local people culture and their traditional beliefs, conventions etc.They are the peoples who takes the services from the centering of the heritage places and pay them charges where required (Laurie and et. al., 2004). In continuation stakeholders are those peoples who are associated with the heritage screwment to provide various services to their customers or travelers. In order to properly comprehend, regarding how heritage and cul tural sites meets the needs of the customers and stakeholder, it is essential to understand the perceptions of the travelers (Nagle, 2000). nearly travelers are seeking for various adventures in heritage places like mounting, tracking etc but at the other hand some are expecting to observe different cultural beliefs, values of the local peoples (Min, Min and Ahmed, 2005).Now here care or stakeholders of the heritage will arrange the safe area for adventures like organizing various adventures sports at heritage places to satisfy the needs of their customers. In return heritage organizations provide various allowances and incentives to their stake holder to engage in excursion work with them. In this way heritage and attractions sites will satisfy the needs of their customers and simultaneously heritage organizations satisfy the needs of their stakeholders (Laurie and et. al., 2004). Stakeholders are the management stave of the heritage organization which may be private or public (N agle, 2000).They are continuously backing the excursion work because heritage places are generally situated on the mountains and there are major chances of climate disasters, so they need proper support for their organization to survive there (Min, Min and Ahmed, 2005). Some of the impacts are perceived in the positive and negative manner (Lickorish, and Jenkins, 2007). If the proprietorship of the heritage place is in the hand of the government then they would not take initiative in the development of the management of the heritage. in all the purposes regarding the heritage place would be in the hand of all employees.Anyone can be able to forge in polices of the government. In other words the uniformity in the determinations of the high level of ministers would not be similar by reaching at the lower level (Ottenbacher and Harrington, 2009). But at the other hand in the case of the private ownership of heritage place, organization would always seek to develop their property. In this statement Property word is used because despite of the government only ancestors of the place would be owner of that place (Lickorish, and Jenkins, 2007). secluded owners always wants to develop more revenue from their property so the flow of decision would be precise. All the decisions regarding any tolerant of development or policies can be taken by the top management and all the lower level of managers needs to implement that. No one in the lower management would be able to manipulate in the decision making process (Yakhlef, 2004).TASK 3 Roles and responsibilities and ownership of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry a. Impact of different types of ownership on the management of heritage and cultural sites Generally heritage and cultural industry are owned by their national government or by private owners who contains the ownership of particular place. This is responsibility of local government are divided in two acts one is Heritage act 1977 and second is Environmental formulation and assessment act 1979 (Ottenbacher and Harrington, 2009).The local government needs to establish legislative framework to effectively manage the heritage which also includes the planning system. It is also essential to mention that Wild life service and subject field parks has a responsibility to take care about the conservations of the heritage and natural sites under the jiggery-pokery life act 1974 (Yakhlef, 2004).There are different forms of managing the management of heritage private owners and government owners. Private owners generally seek to develop their heritage site to increase the revenue from it. Their flow of decision would always precise means no one can be edit in the decisions. All the decision making powers are in the hand of top management.But in the case of government owners which are less likely to invest in the development of the heritage and cultural sites. Every level of management can take decision in government organization (Yakhlef, 2004). b. Roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry Some of the major roles and responsibilities of private and government owners of the heritage places are To create various effective strategies for the developments of heritage and cultural attractions for the tourism industry.Consistently take initiatives to take care of the cleanliness of the places. Organizations can financially help the traditional and heritage place for their development which leads to the large number of tourists which will strengthen the economy. Manage all the indwelling state forestry to develop the heritage place in more widen manner. Collaborate in the various researches of the industry for innovations in order to improve the production from forest, wood quality etc (Martinez and Slooten, 2011). It is major role of government and organizations to plan future landscapes to increase the heritage and cultural environment to increase the tourism. Organizatio ns can provide infrastructures by providing hotels and restaurants facility in heritage places, this thing will enhance the level of employment.It comes to know that approx 86% of domestic government total expenses they spent on waste management like managing wastewater and all kind of solid waste and balance spend on infrastructure activities (Touropia, 2010). It has observed that Australian Government has a constitutional roles and responsibility in order to managing every kind environmental matter which is very essential. These actions come under Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Planning Act 1999 (the EPBC Act). The EPBC Act has a requirement of favourable reception for functions to perform (VisitBritain, 2012).TASK 4 understand the methods of commentary within the heritage and cultural industry a. Methods of interpretation within the heritage and cultural industry In the tourism industry with context to heritage and cultural sites, interpretations can be considered as a manner of learning which helps in embraces the educational concepts. It includes giving information pertaining to natural, cultural, physical, and history about the heritage and cultural sites (Touropia, 2010). These process includes various theories relates to psychology, philosophy, sociology and educational in order to helps in developing awareness and appropriate attitudes and behavior patterns. Interpretation also considered as an imperative manner of acquainting alliance with its life support system (Hall, Smith and Marciszewska, 2006).It is observe that foremost objective of the agencies and individual interpreters to lead the adult male to develop consciousness about the heritage places. Agencies also concerns to make them able to take intelligent actions in order to sustain the nature, heritage and traditional environments. It is essential requirements of thorough understanding and knowledge about mental terms of tourists to satisfy them and also to encou rage them to save heritage nd cultural sites (Touropia, 2010).It is to be storied that the first principal of interpretation is to provide the knowledge which is pertains to experiences of the travelers. The concept of interpretations in tourism industry is substantial by Enos Mills and suggested that interpretation is considered as educational activity which aims to disclose the meanings and relationships with the help of original objects by their own experience and also by illustrative media despite of basically communicate factual informations (Watson, 2010). There are also various modes of interpretation within heritage and cultural industry which are described below. It is understood that interpretation may be give by off-site and on-site but there are also some typical interpretation methods which discussed below (Watson, 2010). Interpretation Methods

Special courts Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

special addresss - Research Paper ExampleThe establishment of special woos aims at handling certain matters, which suffernot be handled by other courts. With the establishment of special courts, there is provision of expertise in the matter under attachment since such courts have vary knowledge on certain matters (Goodnow, 2005). An example of a special court One signifi gitt example of a special court discussed by Champion and others is the United States revenue Court, which refers to a special court that deals with tax cases involving the federal government. The decide of this court include specialists who have specialised knowledge in tax jurisprudence. This gives them the advantage of better understanding unique issues, which may relate to law that focuses on taxes. In the United States, the value Court can buoy be regarded as a internal court, and the headquarters of this court can be found in Washington, D.C. This court has the jurisdiction to handle all(prenominal ) cases, which deal with tax issues all over the United States. The judges of the Tax Court make visits to diverse parts of the United States and avail themselves to sample cases, which relate to tax issues all over the country (Okwuosah, 2008). The coitus established this court under Article I of the Constitution of the United States. ... The U.S. constitution gives this court the powers to prize people who reveal tax discrepancies referred as whistleblowers, as well as establish the methods that will be used to classify employees working in various positions within the country (Champion et. al., 2012). In order for this court to hear a case, there ought to be a petition submitted by the taxpayer within ninety days. Taxpayers do not have the mandate to request the Tax Court to conduct jury trials. The court has to hear a case before the taxpayer is ordered to pay any amount, which may be disputed. The judges of the Tax Court comprise of 19 members who have been appointed by the president. With the various decisions issued by the court, the court can be regarded as effective in its ruling. The decisions issued by the court can either be document or regular decision. This ensures that no party is favored at the expense of the other as the judges have to evaluate the unique situation surrounding a certain case before large-minded a ruling. This court also enhances efficiency since it has a division dealing with small cases, which is known as Small Cases Division. As such, cases can be ruled within a short period since delays can be avoided and the formal procedures, which may accompany cases, can also be exempted from the court process. Since this court provides specialized services to all citizens without any fear or favor, it has turned out to be one of the surpass courts that hear cases related to tax evasion. The court has emerged as effective and instrumental since it conducts a thorough investigation before coming up with a ruling. As a result of th is court, tax issues in the U. S. can be addressed with a lot

Portrait of an Artist MichelAngelo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Portrait of an Artist MichelAngelo - Essay spokespersonYet, the spiritual beauty of his art defied his personality as it elevated man to a position walk-to(prenominal) to his God. Commissioned by Popes and the richest patrons of the time, for 89 years Michelangelo defied his contradictory nature as he channeled his pessimistic rue and trans drawed his art into a symbol of hope and eternal optimism.The hunt downs of Michelangelo have been seen by millions of wad as a work of transcendental spiritual beauty, but for Michelangelo it was simply the product of his dedication and life-threatening work. Michelangelo had carefully laid the groundwork for his art as a studious young man and a serious artist. He studied painting as a craft, philosophy, and anatomy, which would give him a deeper understanding of the form of man and his role in the creation of the universe. However, at the age of 17 he was faced with cosmos in the commission of Piero dei Medici, a powerful leader that the people of Florence despised. Within two years Michelangelos unlit and individualistic nature caused him to reject the Medici commission and flee to Bologna, which drove the artist save into depression. tally to Ruvoldt, Since antiquity, melancholys crosstie to exceptional achievement had been seen as small consolation for its considerable drawbacks, including crippling depression (88-89). These early hardships and setbacks would exploit Michelangelo away from social contact and propel him closer to the spiritual nature of Christianity.Michelangelo would distance himself from the craft and technicalities that his formulation had given him in favor of searching for the spiritual component of art. He did not wish to be seen as a craftsperson or merely a technician. These were the qualities of man and art was the providence of God. This tension would further drive Michelangelo into the isolation of depression and sadness. A statue carved when Michelangelo was 19 years old, the B ologna Angel, illustrates his frustration with the limitations of man. According to Luchs, The hands holding the candelabrum curve smoothly around it, waxy and boneless, in a extreme renunciation of the anatomical knowledge Michelangelo had recently and arduously acquired from his dissections at Santo Spirito (222). At this young age Michelangelo was already tormented by his search for spirituality in a world that was caged with the mortality of man. One of Michelangelos sterling(prenominal) works, the Sistine chapel service, embodies the tension between sadness and elation as well as the contrast between isolation and universal unity. Michelangelo did not employ a large staff of apprentices as was often the custom of his time, and chose to acquit the task by himself. Michelangelo completed the design, the drawing, and the painting in isolation at the top of the chapel. Yet, the work that Michelangelo did on the Sistine chapel is today viewed by 3 million people that make a pilgr image to capital of Italy to gain a salienter understanding of man as a product of their God (Romaine 23). Yet, this great work of art required the torment of loneliness and the deafening silence that his isolation provided. A military commission could not have created it. Michelangelos melancholy and optimism would be played out through his pen and brush, as the work is a study in the contrast between the mortal failings of man and the perfection of spirituality.The centerpiece of the Sistine Chapel is the